Cyclodextrin- Enhanced UVR Absorbers Versatile Solutions for Fabrics, Polymers, and Beyond

Abstract

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR), a form of electromagnetic radiation, significantly impacts both organic and inorganic materials. Solar UVR poses risks to materials and human health, causing polymer degradation, dye fading, and increased skin cancer risk. To mitigate these effects, UVR absorbers are used in industries such as textiles, automotive, construction, and electronics to enhance product durability and safety [1– 3]. UVR is categorized into UVA, UVB, and UVC, with varying wavelengths and energy levels. While UVC is absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere, UVA and UVB penetrate and degrade materials, altering their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. This results in discolouration, brittleness, reduced strength, and shorter lifespans, posing challenges across industries. UVR absorbers are classified into organic, inorganic, and nanoparticle- based materials, each with distinct applications. UVR induces photochemical reactions, breaking chemical bonds and accelerating material ageing. Organic materials like plastics, rubber, textiles, and coatings are particularly vulnerable, experiencing fading, yellowing, tensile strength loss, and brittleness. Polymers may crack, and paints or coatings can peel or lose adhesion. In outdoor environments with constant UVR exposure, these effects are intensified, making protective measures essential to preserve material durability and appearance [1, 3, 4].