Real Time Balancing of Supply and Demand In Smart Grid By Using Storage, Controllable Loads and Smart Generations

Abstract

The power balance between supply and demand is essential for reliable and stable operation of power grids. The mismatch between supply and demand causes the frequency deviations which results in malfunction of most of the electrical devices. Moreover, it affects the system stability resulting in system blackouts as that of USA, in 2003. In the smart grid concept, there is a paradigm shift from central generations dominated grid to integrating distributed generations throughout the system. Most of the distributed generations have intermittent characteristic. Due to this fact, it is not easy to schedule their dispatch ahead of time like that of conventional generations. Thus, in this study, a method of balancing demand and supply in real time is proposed. This method is feasible in smart grid as Communication and Advanced Information Technologies are used for real time data exchange about the generation, demand, storage, market, environmental conditions, and other necessary data. Additionally, in smart grid, taking the advantage of demand response and storage systems, it is possible to balance demand and supply in real-time. The simulation is done by the DigSilent PowerFactorySimulation tool for the proposed method.